Development and physicochemical analysis of the Cyrtocymura scorpioides (Lam.) H. Rob extract and its in vitro antimicrobial evaluation

Resumo

Background: Species of the Asteraceae family are being extensively investigated as prolific sources of bioactive compounds for dermatological applications, given the rising global demand for natural ingredients with a reduced environmental impact. Aim: The present study aimed to obtain and characterise the hydroalcoholic extract of Cyrtocymura scorpioides (known locally as Piracá) and to evaluate its antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Candida albicans, Aspergillus niger and Trichophyton interdigitale. Methods: Leaves and stems were collected and processed. The resulting extract was characterised in terms of pH, density, viscosity, and colour, following the ANVISA guidelines, and subsequently tested using an agar-based microbiological screening assay and a 96-well plate microdilution assay to determine the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and the Minimum Bactericidal/Fungicidal Concentrations (MBC/MFC). Results: The product exhibited a slightly acidic pH and physicochemical properties which were deemed compatible with cosmetic formulations. A bactericidal effect was observed against S. aureus, alongside partial growth inhibition of E. coli. For the fungi, fungistatic activity was confirmed against C. albicans and A. niger, with a fungicidal effect achieved against T. interdigitale. Conclusions: These findings indicate the presence of compounds possessing antimicrobial potential, thereby suggesting the feasibility of the C. scorpioides extract as a functional ingredient in topical cosmetic products.